Originally, my Google Maps church search page was finding the nearest churches by making an approximate square around the zip code's latitude and longitude. For large distances (over ~25 miles), this proved pretty inaccurate. To fix this, I created a SQL Function so that I could run a query like this:

SELECT * 
FROM 
dts_Alumni_Churches
WHERE 
dbo.CoordinateDistanceMiles(Latitude, Longitude, @ZipLatitude, @ZipLongitude) < @Radius

Here's the SQL function:

CREATE FUNCTION CoordinateDistanceMiles(
@Latitude1 float,
@Longitude1 float,
@Latitude2 float,
@Longitude2 float
)
RETURNS float 
AS  
BEGIN 
-- CONSTANTS
DECLARE @EarthRadiusInMiles float;
SET @EarthRadiusInMiles = 3963.1
DECLARE @PI  float;
SET @PI = PI();
-- RADIANS conversion
DECLARE @lat1Radians float;
DECLARE @long1Radians float;
DECLARE @lat2Radians float;
DECLARE @long2Radians float;
SET @lat1Radians = @Latitude1 * @PI / 180;
SET @long1Radians = @Longitude1 * @PI / 180;
SET @lat2Radians = @Latitude2 * @PI / 180;
SET @long2Radians = @Longitude2 * @PI / 180;
RETURN Acos(
Cos(@lat1Radians) * Cos(@long1Radians) * Cos(@lat2Radians) * Cos(@long2Radians) + 
Cos(@lat1Radians) * Sin(@long1Radians) * Cos(@lat2Radians) * Sin(@long2Radians) + 
Sin(@lat1Radians) * Sin(@lat2Radians)
) * @EarthRadiusInMiles;
END

If anyone has a faster method for use in SQL Server, I'd love to see it.